Beating or comminuting or pulping machinery for paper making and other like purposes



Nov. 11, 1924. I 1515, 423

H. ARLEDTER BEATING OR COMMINUTING OR PULPING MACHINERY FOR PAPER MAKING AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES Filed NOV. 29 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 G R D f 2 3 M E v I W r 4a A B c N N, EQZQ. 1,515,423

H. ARLEDTER BEATING. OR COMMINUTING OR PULPING MACHINERY FOR PAPER MAKING AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES Fil ed Nov. 29 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet. 2

Patented Nov. 11,1924.

'- UNITED STATES HERMAN ABLEDTER, F TUNBRTDGE WELLS, ENGLAND..

0a oommmu-rme on PULPING- iscrnknarimnr r03 rarer, MAKING AND.

orrmn. LIKE rnnrosns.

Application filed November 29, 1920. Serial No. 427,164.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, HERMAN Anmnrnn, citizen of the Republic of Austria, residing in'lunbridge Wells, in the county of Kent a and Kingdom of England, chemist, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsv in or Relating to Beating or Comminuting or Pulping Machinery for Paper -Making and other like Purposeaof which the following is a specification.

' This invention relates more especially to pulping hollanders and heaters for the treatment of fibrous and other material used in the manufacture of paper and'the like, and is an improvement on United States Patents Nos. 1,048,123 dated December 24, 1912 and 1,153,883,] dated September 21, 1915.

My improvements are best described by aid of the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure 1 is a vertical section, bein my original design as set forth in aforesaid patents, altered in various ways in accordance with my, present invention, Figure 2 a vertical section of the ordinary form of horizontally circulating hollander altered 'in accordance with my invention,

Figure 3 a plan view of the machine depicted in Figure 1, and la igure 4 the containing vessel on a smaller scale as I propose to make it innew designs of the types shown in Figure 2. v

In these, A is a containing vessel in a convenient position of which is a bedplate B and roll of knives or abraders U preferably above the level of the liquid in the containing vessel. D is the cover of the containing vessel, which is hermetically sealed when at work. The roll and bedplate are cased in with an air-tight. cover except at the points where they communicate with the containing vessel, but the cover'has a series of holes or -slits I covered over by pipe J and provided with a valve F whereby air can be admitted as desired. The upper part of the casing is concentric with the roll leaving only a small clearance and reaching down in ,front to.

within a short distance of the bedplate, but a doctor Gr or adjustable piece or slide closes the opening between knives of the roll and the inner side of the casing. Besides this a flap H is fitted over theopening between the casing of the roll and that o the bedplate in such manner that the slightest air r m: causes it to close the aperture momentarily. At some distance above the aperture further holes or a narrower slit may be cut in the cover of the roll. These if used are provided with a cover and a valve or slide or other means to shut them'airtight, or they may be connected with the top of the containing vessel M by means of. a pipe K with valve L. On the back of the roll, the casing leaves the circumference of the roll and joins on to the sides of the containing vessel in such manner that a chamber M is formed, the lower part of which forms a conduit with the containing vessel.

On the top of'this chamber is an openin N with air-tight lid from which a pipe 5 leads to a vacuum producer not'shown.

At the back of the roller in front of it or both, the sides of the casing in which the bedplate 1s placed, are raised above the level of the bedplate, forming a lip or lips R R.

Bothends of the roll are formed of discs S, see Figure, 3, with projecting rims and rounded or V-shaped, fittinginto grooves fitting a grooved plate T, itself sliding in vertical groove U in the casing and supplied with a screw support V passing up through the casing and armed with hand wheel V; As the roll rapidly revolves, the water flies up into the V or grooves, and the centrifugal force causes it to fill the groove and form a water seal. Such construction is illustrated in Figure 3. There may be more than one groove and corresponding ribs if desirable at each end of the roll.

To prevent the so-called spitting of the roll at the back from interfering with the flow of the stuff, a baflie plate P, Figure 1, is fixed in the chamber which breaks the force with which the air, water, pulp, shoot out behind the roll.

There may be two or more bedplates adjustable radially towards the centre of the roll or the bedplates may be fixed and the roll adjustable towards thebedplate as in the case of the ordinary hollander. Both ends of the roll are preferably provided with air-tight fittings S-similar to a slide valve, so as to allow for the up and down movement of the roll. This movement rarely exceeding a fraction of an inch.

The conduit behind the roll dips downwards into the liquid contents sealing it hermetically. To prevent the backsliding of the stuff in the conduit a flap or valve G 1s provided which shuts automatically at the least backward movement of the stuff. Pipe connections Z Z to inject air, steam, or liquids are provided for in convenient positions of the containing vessel, conduit and chamber, also observation glasses W and electric lampsX.

In Figure 4 the bottom of the containing vessel is made sloping. The thick pulp coming from the roll slides down the inclined plane in an even flow. there is less friction, no separation of solids from liquids resulting in perfect and rapid circulation. Above all it enablesme to work most satisfactorily highly concentrated pulp which is practically impossible in flat bottomed vessels.

The mode of operation is as follows The roll is set in motion, the containing vessel partially filled in with water and pulp after which the valve F on the vacuum pipe is opened, and the air partially extracted from the chamber. The atmospheric pres sure at once acts upon the surface of the liquid in the containing. vessel and simultaneously upon the fiapover the aperture shutting it tight whilst lifting the stufl up through the conduit into the chamber. The projecting knife-cells of the roll at once get hold of the stuff forcing it between roll and bedplate whence it. is vomited forth through the aperture in front, the flap having been pushed open by the sudden rush of liquid and pulp. The material after passing the bedplates falls or slides down into the containing vessel to renew the cycle. The flowingstufi itself seals up the open spaces after that. The speed of the roll may be anything between 100 and 200 revolutions per minute, and even more.

Every liquid of the specific gravity of water may be lifted about 32 feet by a complete vacuum. With only one-fifth of this effect for instance, I can therefore raise the contents of the beater about six feet, whereby the specific gravity of the stufi must be taken into account. In fact it risesmuch higher than the column of water which corresponds with the vacuum obtained as the pulp is charged with air which is sucked out by the vacuum carrying the stuff higher up with it. I therefore place my roll and bed plate correspondingly high above the level of the containing vessel, raise the stuff as described and allow it to fall or slide down in front of the roll, thus setting up a most perfect and rapid circulation in the containing vessel. No pump, propeller, roll or other mechanical means are necessary to circulate the stuff. I thus save the power 1 uired to drive them.

igh concentration of the stuff in the beater isof the greatest importance; so far the highest concentration with which it is ssible to work in existing types of heaters is about 10%, whereas with my principle the concentration may be increased to 20% and 30% without increasing the power to drive the roll to any considerable extent; thus more power is saved. With the concentration the kneadingrefi'ect between roll and bedplate increase. his greatly assists the wetting and hydrating of the cellulose. Size and chemicals can be added in more concentrated state, consequently their actions are intensified and savings are effected. More loading is retained without impairing the quality of the product. Another advantage of thehigher concentration is the reduction of the bad and disturbing effect the large quantities of lime salts and other impurities in the manufacturing water have on the pullp and on chemical reactions. aving worked the heater for some time with the vacuum whilst completing the furnishi'ng, I may close the lid on the manhole, allowcompressed air or in some cases steam to enter the containing vessel, open the lid on top of the chamber and work with superpressure. The action is the same, as above described, only that in this case the superressure in the containing vessel takes the place of the atmospheric pressure. When working with super-pressure a still higher concentration of the pulp'is possible.

As there is a difference of air ressure between the back and the front of the roll, a little air will flow from the denser to the thinner atmosphere and passing on its way between roll and hood in the direction as the roll revolves, it either reduces or eliminates the friction caused by the air and stufi which are continuously'thrown against the hood from the. knives by centrifugal force or it actually assists in driving the roll according as the speed with which the air flows is less equal or greater than the circumferentia speed of the roll. A considerable saving of power is the result. v Toincrease the driving action of the airflow I may open the holes or narrow slit on the hood and draw air in whilst working with vacuum. When working with superpressure I regulate the flow of air with the valve on the air-pipe between containing ves sel and hood. I may fill the chamber entirely with stufl and enlarging it use it as a reservoir from which the roll is constantly fed automatically. The bed plate B and the roll may be armed with stones, knives or other disintegrating device.

I claim as my invention 1. A hollander comprising in combination a containing vessel, a beater roll, a bed plate and static means to establisha head of stuff on the inlet side of the roll.

2. A pulping hollander comprising a containing vessel, a beater roll, a bed-plate, and means to. establish atmospheric pressure on the outlet side of the beater roll and a partial vacuum on the inlet side of the roll.

3. A hollander comprising in combination 3% a containing vessel, a beater roll, a bed plate, static means to establish a head of stufi' on the inlet side of the roll and means to circulate stufi' in a closed circuit between the outlet from the beater roll to the inlet to the beater roll.

4. A pulping hollander comprisin a containing vessel, a beater roll, a bed p ate, an inlet connection to the beater roll, a trou h slopin evenly downwards from the out at from t e heater to the said inlet connection and static means to establish a head of stuff on the inlet side of the beater.

5. A pulping hollander comprisin a containing vessel, a beater roll, a bed p ate, an inlet connection to the beater, a trough slo ing evenly downwards from the outlet from.

the beater to the said inlet connection, static means to establish a head of stufi on the inlet side of the beater and automatic nonreturn valves to control the flow of still! from the outlet side of the-beater.

6. In a hollander comprising in combination a containing vessel a beater roll, a bedplate, means to establish a difierence in static pressure between the outlet and inlet sides of the roll, means to allow free motion of the beater in the container, and mes to prevent leakage at the ends of the beater during such motlon.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto si ed my name this 12th day of November 1 in the presence of two subscribing witnemes.

HE ARLEDTER. 

